Facial Paralysis—Restitution by Extra-Petrous Nerve Graft

Unilateral Multiple Facial Nerve Branch Reconstruction Using “End-to-side Loop Graft” Supercharged by Hypoglossal Nerve

BACKGROUND Extensive facial nerve defects between the facial nerve trunk and its branches can be clinically reconstructed by incorporating double innervation into an end-to-side loop graft technique. This study developed a new animal model to evaluate the technique's ability to promote nerve regeneration. METHODS Rats were divided into the intact, nonsupercharge, and supercharge groups. Artif...

Reconstruction of complex peripheral facial nerve defects by a combined approach using facial nerve interpositional graft and hypoglossal-facial jump nerve suture.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To describe a modified facial nerve reconstruction technique for complex defects of the facial fan after parotid surgery that avoids synkinesis between upper and lower face. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Patients who had undergone radical parotidectomy with a large defect of the facial fan, reconstruction of the upper face by facial nerve interpositio...

Hypoglossal-facial-jump-anastomosis without an interposition nerve graft.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The hypoglossal-facial-anastomosis is the most often applied procedure for the reanimation of a long lasting peripheral facial nerve paralysis. The use of an interposition graft and its end-to-side anastomosis to the hypoglossal nerve allows the preservation of the tongue function and also requires two anastomosis sites and a free second donor nerve. We describe the modifi...

Cross-facial nerve graft and masseteric nerve cooptation for one-stage facial reanimation: principles, indications, and surgical procedure.

BACKGROUND The use of facial cross-grafting in acquired recent unilateral facial palsy provides spontaneity and emotional activation. Masseteric nerve for facial animation has mainly been described for reinnervation of neuromuscular transplants, babysitter procedures, or direct facial nerve cooptation. The simultaneous use in a single procedure of cross-facial nerve grafting and masseteric coop...

Facial Nerve Stimulation in Cochlear Implant Patients